REGULASI
Parameter
Ammonia (NH₃ and NH₄⁺):
Ammonia is the result of the decomposition or decay of plant proteins or animal waste.
Before being discharged, ammonia must be converted into nitrite and nitrate, which will be released during the aeration or evaporation process. This conversion is carried out by nitrifying bacteria.
BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) :
It is the amount of oxygen required by bacteria and microorganisms to break down organic matter under aerobic conditions (requiring oxygen) at a certain temperature.
If the BOD level in wastewater is high and the waste is discharged into a public water source, the aquatic life living in it will die because the oxygen supply will be depleted by the bacteria in the wastewater as they break down the organic matter.
COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) :
COD is the amount of oxygen required in the chemical oxidation process of organic matter by strong oxidizing agents, such as potassium dichromate or potassium permanganate. It is often used as a measure of pollutants in wastewater.
A high COD value in wastewater indicates that the water is still hazardous. Before being discharged into a water source, the harmful substances contained in the wastewater must be stabilized with the help of bacteria or chemicals.
Oil and Grease:
Oil and grease are insoluble in water, so when large amounts of oil and grease are continuously discharged into water sources, they will form harmful sediments that pose a threat to aquatic life.
To reduce the concentration of oil and grease in water, a common method used is a trap system, such as a grease trap.
pH :
Ideally, water should have a neutral pH between 6.5 and 8.
Water with a pH below 6 is acidic and harmful to the environment. Conversely, water with a pH above 9 is alkaline and will also have negative impacts on the environment.
Total Coliform:
Coliforms are known as indicator organisms because these bacteria can be found in all environments. Some of these bacteria are pathogenic, but most are harmless.
Coliform detection indicates the potential presence of diseases in the environment, so coliforms play an important role in raising awareness and identifying the source of bacteria. To reduce coliform levels in water, disinfectants such as chlorine can be added.
TSS (Total Suspended Solids) :
TSS (Total Suspended Solids) refers to the total particles larger than 2 microns found in water. A high TSS value in water can reduce the photosynthesis activity of aquatic plants and lead to an increase in water surface temperature, which results in a decrease in oxygen levels, causing aquatic life to die.
The methods used to reduce TSS levels before discharging into water sources include filtration or screening, or through sedimentation or settling processes.
